Maybe this will help explain things.
How stuff works - Octane:
Howstuffworks "What does octane mean?"
Avoiding detonation is always good in the long run. If your engine blows up, it sure won't be taking you anywhere in a hurry
Also, many high octane pump fuels (eg Shell V-power) also contain detergents within the fuel to help keep your engine clean. This has nothing to do with octane, but just another side effect from a better fuel. It is entirely possible you might find high octane fuel without detergents.